(1) The benchmark for arts content standard 2 for a student at the end of grade 8 is the ability to:

(a) apply the concept of composition in:

(i) dance by applying the elements of space (shape, level, path in space, pattern, form) , time (duration, rhythm) , and energy (movement quality) to compose dances;

(ii) music by applying the elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, timbre/tone color, and form;

(iii) theatre by applying the elements of plot, character, setting, and mood; and

(iv) visual arts by applying the elements of line, shape, form, color, space, value, and texture to compose works of art and the principles of design-pattern, balance, contrast, rhythm, proportion, economy, movement, and dominance;

(b) apply the concept of technique in:

(i) dance by applying the techniques of body awareness (e.g., control, flexibility, dynamics, expression, musicality) in class and performance;

(ii) music by applying the techniques of expressive devices, dynamics, tempo, phrasing, accompaniment, interpretation, and improvisation;

(iii) theatre by applying techniques to write, direct, act, and design; and

(iv) visual arts by applying knowledge of techniques to create works (e.g., painting, drawing, printmaking, photography, computer arts, graphic design, sculpture, indigenous/traditional arts) ;

(c) apply the concept of medium in:

(i) dance by demonstrating the human body in motion;

(ii) music by performing vocal and/or instrumental solos, or in ensembles;

(iii) theatre by performing solo and in ensemble (e.g., mime, live, film, video productions) ; and

(iv) visual arts by selecting a course of action using two-dimensional processes (e.g., painting, drawing, printmaking, photography, computer arts) and three-dimensional processes (e.g., sculpture, indigenous/traditional arts) ;

(d) apply the concept of function in:

(i) dance by identifying examples of social, theatrical, and traditional dance;

(ii) music by performing examples of music (e.g., ceremonial, celebration, concerts, theatre, dance, film, social, community, entertainment) ;

(iii) theatre by performing in classroom or school programs/productions; and

(iv) visual arts by demonstrating and comparing examples of cultural, political, communication, expressive, commercial, and environmental visual arts;

(e) apply the concept of style in:

(i) dance by demonstrating examples of ethnic, folk, classical, popular, historical, and contemporary (e.g., ballet, jazz, modern, tap) dance;

(ii) music by performing examples of music (e.g., folk, jazz, ethnic, popular, classical, time period) ;

(iii) theatre by performing examples of theatre (e.g., comedy, melodrama, plays from historical periods) ; and

(iv) visual arts by demonstrating examples of historical, contemporary, and traditional visual arts, including American Indian art; and

(f) apply the concept of presentation in:

(i) dance by rehearsing, performing, and critiquing dance;

(ii) music by rehearsing, performing, and critiquing musical performances;

(iii) theatre by rehearsing, performing, and critiquing storytelling and improvisation; and

(iv) visual arts by exhibiting craftsmanship, completion, and developing a body of work.