(1) A graduating student at the novice level of literature is beginning to attain the prerequisite knowledge and skills that are fundamental at each benchmark in literature. He/she:

(a) comprehends materials on the literal level, but rarely at the figurative level;

(b) recognizes interpretive responses to literary works, but finds difficulty discussing the effectiveness of literary tools;

(c) reluctantly interacts with literary works;

(d) has difficulty connecting personal literary experiences to personal life experiences; and

(e) waits for encouragement, hesitates to share, and usually limits responses to assigned products.